Volume 25, Issue 2 (March 2023) 25, 158–165; 10.4103/aja2022109
Recent advances in prostate cancer: WNT signaling, chromatin regulation, and transcriptional coregulators
Takahashi, Sayuri1,2,; Takada, Ichiro1
1Department of Urology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
2Department of Urology, The Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
Correspondence: Dr. S Takahashi (t-sayuri@athena.ocn.ne.jp)
Received: 24 August 2022; Accepted: 05 December 2022; published online: 20 January 2023
Abstract |
Prostate cancer is one of the most common diseases in men worldwide. Surgery, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy are effective treatments for early-stage prostate cancer. However, the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer has increased the mortality rate of prostate cancer. To develop novel drugs for castration-resistant prostate cancer, the molecular mechanisms of prostate cancer progression must be elucidated. Among the signaling pathways regulating prostate cancer development, recent studies have revealed the importance of noncanonical wingless-type MMTV integration site family (WNT) signaling pathways, mainly that involving WNT5A, in prostate cancer progression and metastasis; however, its role remains controversial. Moreover, chromatin remodelers such as the switch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) complex and chromodomain helicase DNA-binding proteins 1 also play important roles in prostate cancer progression through genome-wide gene expression changes. Here, we review the roles of noncanonical WNT signaling pathways, chromatin remodelers, and epigenetic enzymes in the development and progression of prostate cancer.
Keywords: chromatin remodeling; histone-modifying enzymes; prostate cancer; WNT5A
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