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Asian Journal of Andrology (2009) 11: 22-27. doi: 10.1038/aja.2008.23; published online 1 December 2008.
Molecular markers in prostate cancer. Part II: potential roles in management
Sachin Agrawal1, Krishnaji P. Patil1 and William D. Dunsmuir1
1 Department of Urology, St Peters Hospital, Chertsey KT16 0PZ, UK
Correspondence: Mr Sachin Agrawal, Department of Urology, St. Peters Hospital, Chertsey KT16 0PZ, UK. Fax: +44-19-3272-2640 E-mail: agrawalsachin@hotmail.com
Received 3 October 2008; Accepted 10 October 2008; Published online 1 December 2008.
| Abstract |
Predicting treatment responses in advanced prostate cancer (PCa) currently centres on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics and on being able to visualize measurable changes in imaging modalities. New molecular markers have emerged as potential diagnostic and prognostic indicators; these were summarized in Part I of this review in the Asian Journal of Andrology. A number of molecular markers are now being used to enhance PCa imaging and staging. However, management options for advanced and hormone-resistant PCa (HRPC) are limited and additional therapeutic options are needed. Molecular markers have been proposed as potential therapeutic targets using gene therapy and immunomodulation. Additionally, markers identified in early PCa and precursor lesions may offer novel targets for chemoprevention and vaccine development. This review summarizes the current advances regarding the roles of these markers in the management of PCa.
Keywords: genetics, management, molecular, prostate cancer |
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