|
Asian Journal of Andrology (2010) 12: 221-226. doi: 10.1038/aja.2009.75; published online 7 December 2009.
Are prostatic calculi independent predictive factors of lower urinary tract symptoms?
Sung-Woo Park1, Jong-Kil Nam1, Sang-Don Lee1 and Moon-Kee Chung1
1 Medical Research Institute and Department of Urology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 626-770, Korea
Correspondence: Dr Moon-Kee Chung, Medical Research Institute and Department of Urology, Pusan National University, Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 626-770, Korea. Fax: +82-55-360-2164 E-mail: mkchung@pusan.ac.kr
Received 26 July 2009; Revised 25 August 2009; Accepted 30 September 2009; Published online 7 December 2009.
| Abstract |
We determined the correlation between prostatic calculi and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), as well as the predisposing factors of prostatic calculi. Of the 1 527 patients who presented at our clinic for LUTS, 802 underwent complete evaluations, including transrectal ultrasonography, voided bladder-3 specimen and international prostatic symptoms score (IPSS). A total of 335 patients with prostatic calculi and 467 patients without prostatic calculi were divided into calculi and no calculi groups, respectively. Predictive factors of severe LUTS and prostatic calculi were determined using uni/multivariate analysis. The overall IPSS score was 15.7 ± 9.2 and 14.1 ± 9.2 in the calculi and no calculi group, respectively (P = 0.013). The maximum flow rate was 12.1 ± 6.9 and 14.2 ± 8.2 mL s−1 in the calculi and no calculi group, respectively (P = 0.003). On univariate analysis for predicting factors of severe LUTS, differences on age (P = 0.042), prostatic calculi (P = 0.048) and prostatitis (P = 0.018) were statistically significant. However, on multivariate analysis, no factor was significant. On multivariate analysis for predisposing factors of prostatic calculi, differences on age (P < 0.001) and prostate volume (P = 0.001) were significant. To our knowledge, patients who have prostatic calculi complain of more severe LUTS. However, prostatic calculi are not an independent predictive factor of severe LUTS. Therefore, men with prostatic calculi have more severe LUTS not only because of prostatic calculi but also because of age and other factors. In addition, old age and large prostate volume are independent predisposing factors for prostatic calculi.
Keywords: micturition; prostate; prostatic diseases |
|
