A common model used for preclinical research was in vitro human tumor cell culture. An alternative model was the direct implantation of a unique patient's tumor biopsy specimens into immunodeficient host mice. Published data from PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and Current Contents Connect databases (http://thomsonreuters.com/products_services/science/science_
products/a-z/current_contents_connect) were reviewed. Prostate cancer (PCa) heterotransplantation was evaluated using histopathology, morphology, cell differentiation, DNA content, tumor marker expression, metastases, tumor kinetics, tumor take rate and tumor vasculature in the first tumor heterotransplant. The heterotransplanted tumor retained the biological properties of the original tumor, such as morphology, degree of differentiation, pathology, secretory activity, expression of tumor markers and human vasculature. Human PCa heterotransplants have considerable experimental advantages over cell culture following xenotransplantation.

Keywords: cancer; experimental model; heterotransplant; nude mice; prostate; xenotransplant

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