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Volume 8, Issue 2 (March 2006) 8, 199–204; 10.1111/j.1745-7262.2006.00084.x
Evidence of increased chromosomal instability in infertile males after exposure to mitomycin C and caffeine
Fotini Papachristou, Theodore Lialiaris, Stavros Touloupidis, Christos Kalaitzis, Constantinos Simopoulos and Nikolaos Sofikitis
1.Laboratory of Genetics, Demokritus University of Thrace, Medical School, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece
2.Department of Urology, Demokritus University of Thrace, Medical School, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece
3.Department of Surgery, Demokritus University of Thrace, Medical School, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece
4.Department of Urology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece
Correspondence: Prof. Stavros Touloupidis, Department of Urology, Demokritus University of Thrace, Medical School, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece. Fax: +32-5510-30419. E-mail: touloupidis@axd.forthnet.gr; touloupidis@hotmail.com
Received 30 January 2005; Accepted 23 March 2005.
| Abstract |
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Aim: To evaluate the genetic instability of 11 fertile and 25 infertile men.
Methods: The methodology of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) was applied to cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes, and the levels of SCEss were analyzed as a quantitative index of genotoxicity, along with the values of the mitotic index (MI) and the proliferation rate index (PRI) as qualitative indices of cytotoxicity and cytostaticity, respectively. The genotoxic and antineoplastic agent, mitomycin C (MMC), and caffeine (CAF) - both well-known inhibitors of DNA repair mechanism - were used in an attempt to induce chromosomal instability in infertile men, so as to more easily detect the probable underlying damage on DNA.
Results: Our experiments illustrated that infertile men, compared with fertile ones, demonstrated a statistically significant DNA instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes after being exposed simultaneously to MMC and CAF.
Conclusion: The current study showed vividly that there was genetic instability in infertile men which probably contributes to the development of an impaired reproductive capacity.
Keywords: male infertility, sister chromatid exchanges, mitomycin C, caffeine, chromosomal instability
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