Prostate volume (PV) has been proved to be one of the strongest predictors of prostate cancer (PCa) detection in biopsies in western populations. To evaluate associations between prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and PCa detection in the Chinese population, we performed this study in a biopsy cohort. Between 2007 and 2013, 1486 men underwent prostate biopsy at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. The study population was divided into two groups for analysis according to total PSA (tPSA) range (4 ng ml-120 ng ml-1). PV, age, tPSA, digital rectal examination (DRE) and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) results were included in the analysis. Although the positive biopsy rates decreased in both tPSA range groups, the downtrend was more pronounced in the 4 ng ml-10.05). Also, it may suggest that with increasing PV, the cancer detection rate decreased in men with different tPSA, DRE and TRUS nodule statuses (all P-values for trends were <0.001). Our study indicates that in tPSA ranging from 4 to 20 ng ml-1, the use of PV ranges of 0–35 ml, 35–50 ml and >50 ml might be taken into consideration for biopsy decision-making in the Chinese population.

Keywords: China; prostate cancer; prostate‑specific antigen; prostate volume

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