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Volume 27, Issue 3 (May 2025) 27, 355–360; 10.4103/aja202444
Varicocele and nonobstructive azoospermia
Kavoussi, Parviz K1; Gupta, Chirag2; Shah, Rupin3,4
1Department of Reproductive Urology, Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX 78746, USA
2Department of Urology, Matratva Fertility and Andrology Clinic, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
3Department of Urology/Andrology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400050, India
4Department of Urology/Andrology, Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400004, India
Correspondence: Dr. PK Kavoussi (pkavoussi@hotmail.com)
Originally published: August 06, 2024 Received: December 23, 2023 Accepted: April 18, 2024
| Abstract |
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Approximately 15% of men in the general population have varicoceles, and varicoceles are diagnosed in 40% of men presenting for fertility evaluations. One percent of men in the general population are azoospermic, and 15% of men presenting for fertility evaluations are diagnosed with azoospermia. This article aims to review the impact of varicoceles on testicular function in men with azoospermia, the impact of varicocele repair on the semen parameters of azoospermic men, and the impact of varicocele repair on sperm retrieval and pregnancy outcomes when the male partner remains azoospermic after varicocele repair.
Keywords: azoospermia; infertility; varicocele
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